GOAMAZON
Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GOAMAZON)
1 January 2014 - 30 November 2015
Lead Scientist: Scot Martin
Observatory: amf, mao
The hydrologic cycle of the Amazon Basin is one of the primary heat engines of the Southern Hemisphere. Any accurate climate model must succeed in a good description of the basin, both in its natural state and in states perturbed by regional and global human activities. However, tropical deep convection in a natural state is poorly understood and modeled, with insufficient observational data sets for model constraint. Also, future climate scenarios resulting from human activities globally show the possible drying and the eventual possible conversion of rainforest to savanna in response to global climate change. Based on the current state of knowledge, the governing conditions of this catastrophic change are not defined. Human activities locally, including the economic development activities that are growing the population and the industry within the basin, also have the potential to shift regional climate, most immediately by an increment in aerosol number and mass concentrations. The shift is across the range of values to which cloud properties are most sensitive. The ARM Climate Research Facility in the Amazon Basin sought to understand aerosol and cloud life cycles, particularly the susceptibility to cloud aerosol precipitation interactions, within the Amazon Basin.
The ARM Mobile Facility was located downwind of the city of Manaus, Brazil (3 6' 47" S, 60 1' 31" W) near Manacapuru from January 2014 to November 2015. The site was situated so that it experienced the extremes of (i) a pristine atmosphere when the Manaus pollution plume meandered and (ii) heavy pollution and the interactions of that pollution with the natural environment when the plume regularly intersected the site. The central Amazon, where this site was located, is only weakly influenced by biomass-burning emissions in the dry season. The city of Manaus uses high-sulfur oil as its primary source of electricity. The city also is an industrial zone of 3 million people and has high emissions of soot. Particle number and mass concentrations are 10 to 100 times greater in the pollution plume compared with the times when pristine conditions prevail. The deployment enabled the study of how aerosol and cloud life cycles, including cloud-aerosol-precipitation interactions, are influenced by pollutant outflow from a tropical megacity.
Legend for the “Campaign Data Sets: View"
- Aerial Facility = Aerial Facility G-1
- Manaus, Brazil = Site T1
- Iranduba, Brazil = Site T2
- Manacapuru, Brazil = Site T3

Co-Investigators
Jeffrey Chambers | Michael Jensen | Stephen Schwartz |
Manvendra Dubey | Ralph Kahn | John Shilling |
Jiwen Fan | Larry Kleinman | Jian Wang |
Jerome Fast | Zhiming Kuang | Jun Wang |
Graham Feingold | J. Vanderlei Martins | Steven Wofsy |
Scott Giangrande | Loretta Mickley | |
Daniel Jacob | Courtney Schumacher |
Timeline
- Child Campaign
Related Publications
2023
Almeida G. 2023. "The Role Played by the Bulk Hygroscopicity on the Prediction of the Cloud Condensation Nuclei Concentration Inside the Urban Aerosol Plume in Manaus, Brazil: From Measurements to Modeled Results." Atmospheric Environment, 295, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119517.
Romps D, K Latimer, Q Zhu, T Jurkat‐Witschas, C Mahnke, T Prabhakaran, R Weigel, and M Wendisch. 2023. "Air pollution unable to intensify storms via warm‐phase invigoration." Geophysical Research Letters, 50(2), e2022GL100409, 10.1029/2022GL100409.
Research Highlight
Zhang C and J Moore. 2023. "A Road Map to Success of International Field Campaigns in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 104(1), 10.1175/BAMS-D-22-0133.1.
2022
Newsom RK and R Krishnamurthy. 2022. Doppler Lidar (DL) Instrument Handbook. Ed. by Robert Stafford, ARM user facility. DOE/SC-ARM/TR-101. 10.2172/1034640.
Gonçalves L, S Coelho, P Kubota, and D Souza. 2022. "Interaction between cloud–radiation, atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamics based on observational data from GoAmazon 2014/15 and a cloud-resolving model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22(23), 10.5194/acp-22-15509-2022.
D'Oliveira F, J Cohen, D Spracklen, A Medeiros, G Cirino, P Artaxo, and C Dias-Júnior. 2022. "Simulation of the effects of biomass burning in a mesoscale convective system in the central Amazon." Atmospheric Research, 278, 106345, 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106345.
Zhao B, J Fast, M Shrivastava, N Donahue, Y Gao, J Shilling, Y Liu, R Zaveri, B Gaudet, S Wang, J Wang, Z Li, and J Fan. 2022. "Formation Process of Particles and Cloud Condensation Nuclei Over the Amazon Rainforest: The Role of Local and Remote New‐Particle Formation." Geophysical Research Letters, 49(22), e2022GL100940, 10.1029/2022GL100940.
Hernández Pardo L, H Morrison, P Lauritzen, and M Pöhlker. 2022. "Impact of Advection Schemes on Tracer Interrelationships in Large-Eddy Simulations of Deep Convection." Monthly Weather Review, 150(10), 10.1175/MWR-D-22-0025.1.
Dias-Júnior C, R CARNEIRO, G Fisch, F D’Oliveira, M Sörgel, S Botía, L Machado, S Wolff, R Santos, and C Pöhlker. 2022. "Intercomparison of Planetary Boundary Layer Heights Using Remote Sensing Retrievals and ERA5 Reanalysis over Central Amazonia." Remote Sensing, 14(18), 10.3390/rs14184561.
Zhang D, J Comstock, and V Morris. 2022. "Comparison of planetary boundary layer height from ceilometer with ARM radiosonde data." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 15(16), 10.5194/amt-15-4735-2022.
View All Related Publications
Campaign Data Sets
IOP Participant | Data Source Name | Final Data |
---|---|---|
Rachel Albrecht | Very Low Frequency Sensor | Order Data |
Lizabeth Alexander | Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
Paulo Artaxo | Aerosol Data | Order Data |
Henrique Barbosa | Lidar Comparison | Order Data |
Mary Jane Bartholomew | Rain Gauge | Order Data |
Thiago Biscaro | S-band Radar | Order Data |
Thiago Biscaro | X-Band Radar | Order Data |
Peter Buseck | Transmission Electron Microscopy Images | Order Data |
Duli Chand | Nephelometer | Order Data |
Duli Chand | Particle Soot Absorption Photometer - G-1 Aircraft | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | 2D-S Particle Size | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | Cloud Droplet Probe | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | Cloud Particle Imager (CPI) | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | Merged Data | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | Water Content Monitor | Order Data |
Manvendra Dubey | Atmospheric Data | Order Data |
Manvendra Dubey | Picarro Gas Monitor | Order Data |
Zhe Feng | Radar Wind Profiler - W-band Cloud Radar - Active Remote Sensing of Clouds | Order Data |
Scott Giangrande | 50 and 915 RWP | Order Data |
Scott Giangrande | disdro | Order Data |
Allen Goldstein | Aerosol Gas Chromatograph | Order Data |
Alex Guenther | Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
John Hubbe | Ambient Winds- AIMMS | Order Data |
Kolby Jardine | Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
Jose-Luis Jimenez | Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer | Order Data |
Jose-Luis Jimenez | Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer | Order Data |
Saewung Kim | Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
Chongai Kuang | Condensation Particle Counters - G1 Aircraft | Order Data |
Chongai Kuang | Nano Particle Size Distribution (NPSD) | Order Data |
Alexander Laskin | Impactor Data | Order Data |
Chuck Long (deceased) | Sunshine Pyranometer | Order Data |
Scot Martin | Harvard Bounce Apparatus | Order Data |
Scot Martin | Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
Fan Mei | Cloud Condensation Nuclei Counter | Order Data |
Fan Mei | Condensation Particle Counters - G1 Aircraft | Order Data |
Fan Mei | Fast Cloud Droplet Probe (FCDP) | Order Data |
Fan Mei | High Volume Precip Spectrometer | Order Data |
Fan Mei | meteorology/state/position parameters | Order Data |
Sarah Paralovo | Particulate Matter and Gases | Order Data |
Heath Powers | SKIP- Logger Data | Order Data |
Courtney Schumacher | Parsivel Disdrometer | Order Data |
Courtney Schumacher | S-band Radar | Order Data |
Courtney Schumacher | S-band Radar - Rain Rates | Order Data |
Courtney Schumacher | Sondes | Order Data |
Arthur Sedlacek | Single Particle Soot Photometer | Order Data |
Arthur Sedlacek | aethalometer | Order Data |
Gunnar Senum | Impactor Data | Order Data |
Gunnar Senum | Nephelometer | Order Data |
Gunnar Senum | Ultra High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer- G1 Aircraft | Order Data |
John Shilling | Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
John Shilling | Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
James Smith | Thermal Desorption Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
Stephen Springston | Carbon Monoxide and Nitrous Oxide | Order Data |
Stephen Springston | Carbon Monoxide and Nitrous Oxide | Order Data |
Stephen Springston | Met | Order Data |
Stephen Springston | Particle Soot Absorption Photometer - G-1 Aircraft | Order Data |
Mitchell Thayer | Laser-Induced Instruments | Order Data |
Jason Tomlinson | Passive Cavity Aerosol Spectrometer | Order Data |
Jason Tomlinson | Ultra High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer- G1 Aircraft | Order Data |
Jason Tomlinson | Video - G1 Aircraft | Order Data |
Jian Wang | Cloud Condensation Nuclei Counter | Order Data |
Jian Wang | Fast Integrated Mobility Spectrometer | Order Data |
Shaocheng Xie | Objective Analysis of Large Scale Forcing Data (VARANAL) | Order Data |
MAO Data Sources
Name | Full Name | Browse Data |
---|---|---|
ACSM |
Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor | Browse Data |
AERI |
Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer | Browse Data |
AERINF |
AERI Noise Filtered | Browse Data |
AETH |
Aethalometer | Browse Data |
AIP |
Aerosol Intensive Properties | Browse Data |
AOD-MFRSR |
Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) derived from MFRSR measurements | Browse Data |
AOS |
Aerosol Observing System | Browse Data |
AOSCCNAVG |
Aerosol Observing System (AOS): cloud condensation nuclei data, averaged | Browse Data |
AOSMET |
Meteorological Measurements associated with the Aerosol Observing System | Browse Data |
AOSSP2BC |
Aerosol Observing System Single Particle Soot Photometer Black Carbon | Browse Data |
ARMBE |
ARM Best Estimate Data Products | Browse Data |
CCN |
Cloud Condensation Nuclei Particle Counter | Browse Data |
CEIL |
Ceilometer | Browse Data |
CEILPBLHT |
Boundary-layer height data with CEIL | Browse Data |
CLAP |
Continuous Light Absorption Photometer | Browse Data |
CO-ANALYZER |
Carbon Monoxide Analyzer | Browse Data |
CPC |
Condensation Particle Counter | Browse Data |
CSPHOT |
Sunphotometer | Browse Data |
DL |
Doppler Lidar | Browse Data |
DLPROF-WIND |
Doppler Lidar Horizontal Wind Profiles | Browse Data |
DLPROF-WSTATS |
Doppler Lidar Wind Statistics Profiles | Browse Data |
ECMWFDIAG |
European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts Diagnostic Analyses | Browse Data |
ECOR |
Eddy Correlation Flux Measurement System | Browse Data |
GNDRAD |
Ground Radiometers on Stand for Upwelling Radiation | Browse Data |
INTERPSONDE |
Interpolated Sonde | Browse Data |
IRT |
Infrared Thermometer | Browse Data |
LDIS |
Laser Disdrometer | Browse Data |
LDQUANTS |
Laser Disdrometer Quantities | Browse Data |
MET |
Surface Meteorological Instrumentation | Browse Data |
MFR |
Multifilter Radiometer | Browse Data |
MFRSR |
Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer | Browse Data |
MFRSRCLDOD |
Cloud Optical Properties from MFRSR Using Min Algorithm | Browse Data |
MICROBASE |
Continuous Baseline Microphysical Retrieval | Browse Data |
MPL |
Micropulse Lidar | Browse Data |
MPLCMASK |
Cloud mask from Micropulse Lidar | Browse Data |
MWR |
Microwave Radiometer | Browse Data |
MWR3C |
Microwave Radiometer, 3 Channel | Browse Data |
MWRHF |
Microwave Radiometer - High Frequency | Browse Data |
MWRP |
Microwave Radiometer Profiler | Browse Data |
MWRRET |
MWR Retrievals | Browse Data |
NEPHELOMETER |
Nephelometer | Browse Data |
NFOV |
Narrow Field of View Zenith Radiometer | Browse Data |
NOX |
Nitrogen Oxides Monitor | Browse Data |
OZONE |
Ozone Monitor | Browse Data |
PASS |
Photoacoustic Soot Spectrometer | Browse Data |
PBLHT |
Planetary Boundary Layer Height | Browse Data |
PSAP |
Particle Soot Absorption Photometer | Browse Data |
QCECOR |
Quality Controlled Eddy Correlation Flux Measurement | Browse Data |
QCRAD |
Data Quality Assessment for ARM Radiation Data | Browse Data |
RADFLUXANAL |
Radiative Flux Analysis | Browse Data |
RAIN |
Rain Gauge | Browse Data |
RWP |
Radar Wind Profiler | Browse Data |
SASHE |
Shortwave Array Spectroradiometer-Hemispheric | Browse Data |
SASZE |
Shortwave Array Spectroradiometer-Zenith | Browse Data |
SEBS |
Surface Energy Balance System | Browse Data |
SKYRAD |
Sky Radiometers on Stand for Downwelling Radiation | Browse Data |
SMPS |
Scanning mobility particle sizer | Browse Data |
SO2 |
Sulfur Dioxide Monitor | Browse Data |
SODAR |
Mini Sound Detection and Ranging | Browse Data |
SONDE |
Balloon-Borne Sounding System | Browse Data |
SONDEGRID |
Gridded Sonde VAP Product | Browse Data |
SONDEPARAM |
convective parameters derived from radiosonde data | Browse Data |
TSI |
Total Sky Imager | Browse Data |
UHSAS |
Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer | Browse Data |
VARANAL |
Constrained Variational Analysis | Browse Data |
VISST |
Minnis Cloud Products Using Visst Algorithm | Browse Data |
WACR |
W-Band (95 GHz) ARM Cloud Radar | Browse Data |
WACRARSCL |
W-band Cloud Radar Active Remote Sensing of Cloud | Browse Data |