The total sky imager (TSI) measures the fraction of the sky view covered by clouds.
It provides time series of hemispheric sky images during daylight hours and retrievals of fractional sky cover for periods when the solar elevation is greater than 10 degrees. To view current sky cover retrievals at the ARM sites, see the TSI most recent sky images.
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Wagner TJ and JM Kleiss. 2016. "Error Characteristics of Ceilometer-Based Observations of Cloud Amount." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 33(7), 10.1175/jtech-d-15-0258.1.
Huang D, D Yu, and SE Schwartz. 2016. Determination of Cloud Base Height, Wind Velocity, and Short-Range Cloud Structure Using Multiple Sky Imagers Field Campaign Report. Ed. by Robert Stafford, DOE ARM Climate Research Facility. DOE/SC-ARM-16-041.
Mechem DB, SE Giangrande, CS Wittman, P Borque, T Toto, and P Kollias. 2015. "Insights from modeling and observational evaluation of a precipitating continental cumulus event observed during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment field campaign." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120(5), 10.1002/2014jd022255.
Zhao C and TJ Garrett. 2015. "Effects of Arctic haze on surface cloud radiative forcing." Geophysical Research Letters, 42(2), 10.1002/2014gl062015.
Yano J and TP Lane. 2014. "Convectively generated gravity waves simulated by NAM-SCA." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 119(15), 10.1002/2013jd021419.
Riihimaki LD and CN Long. 2014. "Spatial variability of surface irradiance measurements at the Manus ARM site." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 119(9), 10.1002/2013jd021187.
Mann JA, JC Chiu, RJ Hogan, EJ O'Connor, TS L'Ecuyer, TH Stein, and A Jefferson. 2014. "Aerosol impacts on drizzle properties in warm clouds from ARM Mobile Facility maritime and continental deployments." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 119(7), 10.1002/2013jd021339.
Kneifel S, S Redl, E Orlandi, U Löhnert, MP Cadeddu, DD Turner, and M Chen. 2014. "Absorption Properties of Supercooled Liquid Water between 31 and 225 GHz: Evaluation of Absorption Models Using Ground-Based Observations." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 53(4), 10.1175/jamc-d-13-0214.1.
Wu W, Y Liu, MP Jensen, T Toto, MJ Foster, and CN Long. 2014. "A comparison of multiscale variations of decade-long cloud fractions from six different platforms over the Southern Great Plains in the United States." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 119(6), 10.1002/2013jd019813.