The Merged Sounding value-added product uses a combination of observations from radiosonde soundings, microwave radiometers, surface meteorological instruments, and European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model output. Sophisticated scaling/interpolation/smoothing techniques are employed to define profiles of the atmospheric thermodynamic state at 1-minute intervals and at 266 altitude levels.
For more details, read the Merged Sounding value-added product technical report.
Chand D, R Newsom, T Thorsen, E Cromwell, C Sivaraman, C Flynn, J Shilling, and J Comstock. 2019. Aerosol and Cloud Optical Properties from the ARM Raman Lidars: The Feature Detection and Extinction (FEX) Value-Added Product. Ed. by Robert Stafford, ARM user facility. DOE/SC-ARM-TR-224.
Jensen M, E Bruning, D Collins, A Fridlind, P Kollias, C Kuang, D Rosenfeld, A Ryzhkov, A Varble, SD Brooks, S Collis, E Defer, J Fan, J Flynn, S Giangrande, R Griffin, J Hu, R Jackson, M Kumjian, T Logan, T Matsui, G McFarquhar, C Nowotarski, J Quaas, M Oue, R Sheesley, J Snyder, P Stier, S Usenko, S van den Heever, M van Lier Walqui, Y Wang, Y Xu, and G Zhang. 2019. Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions ExpeRiment (TRACER) Science Plan. Ed. by Robert Stafford, DOE/SC-ARM-19-017.
Wu P, B Xi, X Dong, and Z Zhang. 2018. "Evaluation of autoconversion and accretion enhancement factors in general circulation model warm-rain parameterizations using ground-based measurements over the Azores." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18(23), 10.5194/acp-18-17405-2018.
Qiu S, B Xi, and X Dong. 2018. "Influence of Wind Direction on Thermodynamic Properties and Arctic Mixed-Phase Clouds in Autumn at Utqiaġvik, Alaska." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123(17), 10.1029/2018JD028631.
Norgren M, G de Boer, and M Shupe. 2018. "Observed aerosol suppression of cloud ice in low-level Arctic mixed-phase clouds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18(18), 10.5194/acp-18-13345-2018.
Research Highlight
McHardy T, X Dong, B Xi, M Thieman, P Minnis, and R Palikonda. 2018. "Comparison of Daytime Low-Level Cloud Properties Derived from GOES and ARM SGP Measurements." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123(15), 10.1029/2018JD028911.
Varble A. 2018. "Erroneous attribution of deep convective invigoration to aerosol concentration." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 75(4), 10.1175/JAS-D-17-0217.1.
Research Highlight
Morcrette C, K Van Weverberg, H Ma, M Ahlgrimm, E Bazile, L Berg, A Cheng, F Cheruy, J Cole, R Forbes, W Gustafson, M Huang, W Lee, Y Liu, L Mellul, W Merryfield, Y Qian, R Roehrig, Y Wang, S Xie, K Xu, C Zhang, S Klein, and J Petch. 2018. "Introduction to CAUSES: Description of Weather and Climate Models and Their Near-Surface Temperature Errors in 5 day Hindcasts Near the Southern Great Plains." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123(5), doi:10.1002/2017JD027199.
Research Highlight
Zhou Y, X Sun, R Zhang, C Zhang, H Li, J Zhou, and S Li. 2017. "Influences of cloud heterogeneity on cirrus optical properties retrieved from the visible and near-infrared channels of MODIS/SEVIRI for flat and optically thick cirrus clouds." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 187, 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.09.020.
Berg W, S Bilanow, R Chen, S Datta, D Draper, H Ebrahimi, S Farrar, L Jones, R Kroodsma, D McKague, V Payne, J Wang, T Wilheit, and JX Yang. 2016. "Intercalibration of the GPM Microwave Radiometer Constellation." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 33(12), 10.1175/jtech-d-16-0100.1.