AMAZON
Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon Aerial Campaign
15 February 2014 - 15 October 2014
Lead Scientist: Scot Martin
Observatory: aaf, mao
The hydrologic cycle of the Amazon Basin is one of the primary heat engines of the Southern Hemisphere. Any accurate climate model must succeed in a good description of the Basin, both in its natural state and in states perturbed by regional and global human activities. At the present time, however, tropical deep convection in a natural state is poorly understood and modeled, with insufficient observational data sets for model constraint. Furthermore, future climate scenarios resulting from human activities globally show the possible drying and the eventual possible conversion of rain forest to savanna in response to global climate change. Based on our current state of knowledge, the governing conditions of this catastrophic change are not defined. Human activities locally, including the economic development activities that are growing the population and the industry within the Basin, also have the potential to shift regional climate, most immediately by an increment in aerosol number and mass concentrations, and the shift is across the range of values to which cloud properties are most sensitive. The ARM Climate Research Facility in the Amazon Basin seeks to understand aerosol and cloud life cycles, particularly the susceptibility to cloud aerosol precipitation interactions, within the Amazon Basin. The ARM Mobile Facility will be located downwind of the city of Manaus, Brazil (3 6' 47" S, 60 1' 31" W) near Manacapuru from January to December 2014. The site is situated so that it experiences the extremes of (i) a pristine atmosphere when the Manaus pollution plume meanders and (ii) heavy pollution and the interactions of that pollution with the natural environment when the plume regularly intersects the site. The central Amazon where this site is located is only weakly influenced by biomass burning emissions in the dry season. The city of Manaus uses high-sulfur oil as its primary source of electricity; the city is also an industrial zone of 3 million people and has high emissions of soot. Particle number and mass concentrations are 10 to 100 times greater in the pollution plume compared to the times when pristine conditions prevail. The deployment will enable the study of how aerosol and cloud life cycles, including cloud-aerosol-precipitation interactions, are influenced by pollutant outflow from a tropical megacity.
Planned flights periods: 2014-02-15 – 2014-03-31 and 2014-09-01 – 2014-10-15.
Co-Investigators
Jeffrey Chambers | Michael Jensen | Stephen Schwartz |
Manvendra Dubey | Ralph Kahn | John Shilling |
Jiwen Fan | Larry Kleinman | Jun Wang |
Jerome Fast | Zhiming Kuang | Jian Wang |
Graham Feingold | J. Vanderlei Martins | Steven Wofsy |
Scott Giangrande | Loretta Mickley | |
Daniel Jacob | Courtney Schumacher |
Timeline
- Parent Campaign
- Sibling Campaign
Related Publications
2023
Romps D, K Latimer, Q Zhu, T Jurkat‐Witschas, C Mahnke, T Prabhakaran, R Weigel, and M Wendisch. 2023. "Air pollution unable to intensify storms via warm‐phase invigoration." Geophysical Research Letters, 50(2), e2022GL100409, 10.1029/2022GL100409.
Research Highlight
2022
Li H and A May. 2022. "Estimating mass-absorption cross-section of ambient black carbon aerosols: theoretical, empirical, and machine learning models." Aerosol Science and Technology, 56(11), 10.1080/02786826.2022.2114311.
2021
Okabayashi Miyaji R, F Valencia de Almeida, L de Oliveira Bauer, V Madureira Ferrari, P Pizzigatti Corrêa, L Varanda Rizzo, and G Prakash. 2021. "Spatial Interpolation of Air Pollutant and Meteorological Variables in Central Amazonia." Data, 6(12), 10.3390/data6120126.
Nascimento J, M Bela, B Meller, A Banducci, L Rizzo, A Vara-Vela, H Barbosa, H Gomes, S Rafee, M Franco, S Carbone, G Cirino, R Souza, S McKeen, and P Artaxo. 2021. "Aerosols from anthropogenic and biogenic sources and their interactions – modeling aerosol formation, optical properties, and impacts over the central Amazon basin." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 21(9), 10.5194/acp-21-6755-2021.
Brown H, X Liu, R Pokhrel, S Murphy, Z Lu, R Saleh, T Mielonen, H Kokkola, T Bergman, G Myhre, R Skeie, D Watson-Paris, P Stier, B Johnson, N Bellouin, M Schulz, V Vakkari, J Beukes, P van Zyl, S Liu, and D Chand. 2021. "Biomass burning aerosols in most climate models are too absorbing." Nature Communications, 12(1), 10.1038/s41467-020-20482-9.
Research Highlight
2020
Lou S, M Shrivastava, R Easter, Y Yang, P Ma, H Wang, M Cubison, P Campuzano‐Jost, J Jimenez, Q Zhang, P Rasch, J Shilling, A Zelenyuk, M Dubey, P Cameron‐Smith, S Martin, J Schneider, and C Schulz. 2020. "New SOA Treatments within the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM): Strong Production and Sinks Govern Atmospheric SOA Distributions and Radiative Forcing." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12(12), e2020MS002266, 10.1029/2020MS002266.
Zhao B, M Shrivastava, N Donahue, H Gordon, M Schervish, J Shilling, R Zaveri, J Wang, M Andreae, C Zhao, B Gaudet, Y Liu, J Fan, and J Fast. 2020. "High concentration of ultrafine particles in the Amazon free troposphere produced by organic new particle formation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(41), 10.1073/pnas.2006716117.
Research Highlight
Goldberger LA, F Mei, J Hubbe, and CD Kluzek. 2020. Navigation and Meteorological Data from Multiple Sensors on Airborne Platform (NAVMET-AIR) Value-Added Product Report. Ed. by Robert Stafford, ARM user facility. DOE/SC-ARM-TR-255. 10.2172/1671342.
Hernández Pardo L, H Morrison, L Machado, J Harrington, and Z Lebo. 2020. "Drop size distribution broadening mechanisms in a bin microphysics Eulerian model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 77(9), 10.1175/JAS-D-20-0099.1.
Goss HB, KS Dorsey, CB Ireland, MR Wasem, RA Stafford, and R Jundt. 2020. 2019 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Annual Report. Ed. by Kathryn Dorsey, ARM user facility. DOE/SC-ARM-19-032. 10.2172/1604869.
View All Related Publications
Campaign Data Sets
IOP Participant | Data Source Name | Final Data |
---|---|---|
Duli Chand | Nephelometer | Order Data |
Duli Chand | Particle Soot Absorption Photometer - G-1 Aircraft | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | 2D-S Particle Size | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | Cloud Droplet Probe | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | Cloud Particle Imager (CPI) | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | Merged Data | Order Data |
Jennifer Comstock | Water Content Monitor | Order Data |
Manvendra Dubey | Picarro Gas Monitor | Order Data |
John Hubbe | Ambient Winds- AIMMS | Order Data |
Chuck Long | Sunshine Pyranometer | Order Data |
Fan Mei | Cloud Condensation Nuclei Counter | Order Data |
Fan Mei | Condensation Particle Counter | Order Data |
Fan Mei | Fast Cloud Droplet Probe (FCDP) | Order Data |
Fan Mei | High Volume Precip Spectrometer | Order Data |
Fan Mei | meteorology/state/position parameters | Order Data |
John Shilling | Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
John Shilling | Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer | Order Data |
Stephen Springston | Carbon Monoxide and Nitrous Oxide | Order Data |
Jason Tomlinson | Passive Cavity Aerosol Spectrometer | Order Data |
Jason Tomlinson | Ultra High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer- G1 Aircraft | Order Data |
Jason Tomlinson | Video - G1 Aircraft | Order Data |
Jian Wang | Fast Integrated Mobility Spectrometer | Order Data |
MAO Data Sources
Name | Full Name | Browse Data |
---|---|---|
ACSM |
Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor | Browse Data |
AERI |
Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer | Browse Data |
AERINF |
AERI Noise Filtered | Browse Data |
AETH |
Aethalometer | Browse Data |
AIP |
Aerosol Intensive Properties | Browse Data |
AOD-MFRSR |
Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) derived from MFRSR measurements | Browse Data |
AOP |
Aerosol Optical Properties | Browse Data |
AOS |
Aerosol Observing System | Browse Data |
AOSCCNAVG |
Aerosol Observing System (AOS): cloud condensation nuclei data, averaged | Browse Data |
AOSMET |
Meteorological Measurements associated with the Aerosol Observing System | Browse Data |
AOSSP2BC |
Aerosol Observing System Single Particle Soot Photometer Black Carbon | Browse Data |
ARMBE |
ARM Best Estimate Data Products | Browse Data |
CCN |
Cloud Condensation Nuclei Particle Counter | Browse Data |
CEIL |
Ceilometer | Browse Data |
CEILPBLHT |
Boundary-layer height data with CEIL | Browse Data |
CLAP |
Continuous Light Absorption Photometer | Browse Data |
CO-ANALYZER |
Carbon Monoxide Analyzer | Browse Data |
CPC |
Condensation Particle Counter | Browse Data |
CSPHOT |
Sunphotometer | Browse Data |
DL |
Doppler Lidar | Browse Data |
DLPROF-WIND |
Doppler Lidar Horizontal Wind Profiles | Browse Data |
DLPROF-WSTATS |
Doppler Lidar Wind Statistics Profiles | Browse Data |
ECMWFDIAG |
European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts Diagnostic Analyses | Browse Data |
ECOR |
Eddy Correlation Flux Measurement System | Browse Data |
GNDRAD |
Ground Radiometers on Stand for Upwelling Radiation | Browse Data |
INTERPSONDE |
Interpolated Sonde | Browse Data |
IRT |
Infrared Thermometer | Browse Data |
LDIS |
Laser Disdrometer | Browse Data |
LDQUANTS |
Laser Disdrometer Quantities | Browse Data |
MET |
Surface Meteorological Instrumentation | Browse Data |
MFR |
Multifilter Radiometer | Browse Data |
MFRSR |
Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer | Browse Data |
MFRSRCLDOD |
Cloud Optical Properties from MFRSR Using Min Algorithm | Browse Data |
MICROBASEKAPLUS |
improved MICROBASE product with Uncertainties | Browse Data |
MPL |
Micropulse Lidar | Browse Data |
MPLCMASK |
Cloud mask from Micropulse Lidar | Browse Data |
MWR |
Microwave Radiometer | Browse Data |
MWR3C |
Microwave Radiometer, 3 Channel | Browse Data |
MWRHF |
Microwave Radiometer - High Frequency | Browse Data |
MWRP |
Microwave Radiometer Profiler | Browse Data |
MWRRET |
MWR Retrievals | Browse Data |
NEPHELOMETER |
Nephelometer | Browse Data |
NFOV |
Narrow Field of View Zenith Radiometer | Browse Data |
NOX |
Nitrogen Oxides Monitor | Browse Data |
OZONE |
Ozone Monitor | Browse Data |
PASS |
Photoacoustic Soot Spectrometer | Browse Data |
PBLHT |
Planetary Boundary Layer Height | Browse Data |
PSAP |
Particle Soot Absorption Photometer | Browse Data |
QCECOR |
Quality Controlled Eddy Correlation Flux Measurement | Browse Data |
QCRAD |
Data Quality Assessment for ARM Radiation Data | Browse Data |
RADFLUXANAL |
Radiative Flux Analysis | Browse Data |
RAIN |
Rain Gauge | Browse Data |
RWP |
Radar Wind Profiler | Browse Data |
SASHE |
Shortwave Array Spectroradiometer-Hemispheric | Browse Data |
SASZE |
Shortwave Array Spectroradiometer-Zenith | Browse Data |
SEBS |
Surface Energy Balance System | Browse Data |
SKYRAD |
Sky Radiometers on Stand for Downwelling Radiation | Browse Data |
SMPS |
Scanning mobility particle sizer | Browse Data |
SO2 |
Sulfur Dioxide Monitor | Browse Data |
SODAR |
Mini Sound Detection and Ranging | Browse Data |
SONDE |
Balloon-Borne Sounding System | Browse Data |
SONDEGRID |
Gridded Sonde VAP Product | Browse Data |
SONDEPARAM |
convective parameters derived from radiosonde data | Browse Data |
TSI |
Total Sky Imager | Browse Data |
UHSAS |
Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer | Browse Data |
VARANAL |
Constrained Variational Analysis | Browse Data |
VISST |
Minnis Cloud Products Using Visst Algorithm | Browse Data |
WACR |
W-Band (95 GHz) ARM Cloud Radar | Browse Data |
WACRARSCL |
W-band Cloud Radar Active Remote Sensing of Cloud | Browse Data |