ena - Graciosa Island, Azores, Portugal

Established
2012-02-18
Latitude
39.0916° N
Longitude
28.0257° W
Altitude
30 meters
Surface Type
Volcanic Soil
Instruments
47 (37 active)
Primary Measurement Types
66 (59 active)

The latest site to join ARM’s set of fixed-location atomspheric observatories began operations in September 2013. Identified as the Eastern North Atlantic (ENA), this facility is located on Graciosa Island in the Azores. The Azores are an island group located in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, a region characterized by marine stratocumulus clouds. Response of these low clouds to changes in atmospheric greenhouse gases and aerosols is a major source of uncertainty in global climate models.
The islands experience a tepid, oceanic, subtropical climate with mild temperatures ranging anywhere from 59 °F to 80 °F. Light clothes with one or two sweaters/jackets are enough to survive the cooler nights, winter season and occasional rain showers.
Click to enlarge images.

Instruments
Facility View from Sonde Balloon Launcher
Main Entrance
West Hill View

Instruments deployed at ENA - Graciosa Island, Azores, Portugal

Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor
2013-10-18 - 2023-09-28
Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer
2016-07-12 - Currently Deployed
Aerosol Observing System
2014-02-19 - Currently Deployed
Meteorological Measurements associated with the Aerosol Observing System
2014-01-01 - Currently Deployed
Aerodynamic Particle Sizer
2024-01-25 - Currently Deployed
All Sky Imager
-
camera that monitors a site area
2016-10-03 - Currently Deployed
Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift Extinction Monitor
2014-02-18 - Currently Deployed
Cloud Condensation Nuclei Particle Counter
2010-07-05 - Currently Deployed
Ceilometer
2013-09-29 - Currently Deployed
Boundary-layer height data with CEIL
2013-09-29 - Currently Deployed
Carbon Monoxide Analyzer
2015-04-24 - Currently Deployed
Condensation Particle Counter
2013-10-04 - Currently Deployed
Sunphotometer
2013-09-28 - Currently Deployed
Doppler Lidar
2014-10-20 - Currently Deployed
Eddy Correlation Flux Measurement System
2014-07-03 - Currently Deployed
Greenhouse Gas Monitor
2015-07-08 - 2020-01-01
Ground Radiometers on Stand for Upwelling Radiation
2013-09-30 - Currently Deployed
Humidified Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer
2015-04-24 - 2023-05-25
Infrared Thermometer
2013-10-01 - Currently Deployed
Ka-Band Scanning ARM Cloud Radar
2017-06-14 - 2018-10-28
Ka ARM Zenith Radar
2015-07-17 - Currently Deployed
Laser Disdrometer
2014-02-27 - Currently Deployed
Automatic Weather Station
2017-05-05 - Currently Deployed
Surface Meteorological Instrumentation
2013-10-01 - Currently Deployed
Multifilter Radiometer
2014-04-14 - Currently Deployed
Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer
2014-04-10 - Currently Deployed
Micropulse Lidar
2013-10-02 - Currently Deployed
Microwave Radiometer, 3 Channel
2014-02-25 - Currently Deployed
Microwave Radiometer Profiler
2014-02-26 - 2019-09-08
Nephelometer
2013-10-04 - Currently Deployed
Ozone Monitor
2013-10-04 - Currently Deployed
Particle Soot Absorption Photometer
2013-10-04 - Currently Deployed
Rain Gauge
2013-11-27 - 2016-04-05
Radar Wind Profiler
2014-09-10 - Currently Deployed
Surface Energy Balance System
2014-06-25 - Currently Deployed
Solar and Infrared Radiation Station for Downwelling and Upwelling Radiation
2024-02-09 - Currently Deployed
Sky Radiometers on Stand for Downwelling Radiation
2013-09-28 - Currently Deployed
Scanning mobility particle sizer
2022-11-01 - Currently Deployed
Balloon-Borne Sounding System
2013-09-28 - Currently Deployed
Shortwave Spectroradiometer
-
Total Sky Imager
2013-10-01 - Currently Deployed
Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer
2014-02-17 - Currently Deployed
Video Disdrometer
2014-10-31 - Currently Deployed
Weighing Bucket Precipitation Gauge
2017-07-17 - Currently Deployed
W-band Scanning ARM Cloud Radar
2017-06-14 - 2018-10-28
X-Band Scanning ARM Precipitation Radar
-

Primary Measurements collected at ena - Graciosa Island, Azores, Portugal

Aerosol absorption
Browse Data
Aerosol backscattered radiation
Browse Data
Aerosol concentration
Browse Data
Aerosol extinction
Browse Data
Aerosol optical depth
Browse Data
Aerosol optical properties
Browse Data
Aerosol particle size distribution
Browse Data
Aerosol scattering
Browse Data
Atmospheric moisture
Browse Data
Atmospheric pressure
Browse Data
Atmospheric temperature
Browse Data
Atmospheric turbulence
Browse Data
Backscattered radiation
Browse Data
Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration
Browse Data
Carbon dioxide (CO2) flux
Browse Data
Carbon monoxide (CO) Concentration
Browse Data
Cloud condensation nuclei
Browse Data
Cloud fraction
Browse Data
Convection
Browse Data
Horizontal wind
Browse Data
Hydrometeor Geometry
Browse Data
Hydrometeor Size Distribution
Browse Data
Hydrometeor fall velocity
Browse Data
Hydrometeor size
Browse Data
Inorganic chemical composition
Browse Data
Instrument monitoring non-geophysical variables
Browse Data
Latent heat flux
Browse Data
Lidar Doppler
Browse Data
Liquid water content
Browse Data
Liquid water path
Browse Data
Longwave broadband downwelling irradiance
Browse Data
Longwave broadband upwelling irradiance
Browse Data
Longwave narrowband brightness temperature
Browse Data
Longwave spectral brightness temperature
Browse Data
Longwave spectral radiance
Browse Data
Methane concentration
Browse Data
Methane flux
Browse Data
Microwave narrowband brightness temperature
Browse Data
Net broadband total irradiance
Browse Data
Nitrogen oxides
Browse Data
Organic Material Concentration
Browse Data
Ozone Concentration
Browse Data
Precipitable water
Browse Data
Precipitation
Browse Data
Radar Doppler
Browse Data
Radar polarization
Browse Data
Radar reflectivity
Browse Data
Sensible heat flux
Browse Data
Shortwave broadband diffuse downwelling irradiance
Browse Data
Shortwave broadband direct normal irradiance
Browse Data
Shortwave broadband total downwelling irradiance
Browse Data
Shortwave broadband total upwelling irradiance
Browse Data
Shortwave narrowband diffuse downwelling irradiance
Browse Data
Shortwave narrowband diffuse upwelling irradiance
Browse Data
Shortwave narrowband direct normal irradiance
Browse Data
Shortwave narrowband radiance
Browse Data
Shortwave narrowband total downwelling irradiance
Browse Data
Shortwave spectral radiance
Browse Data
Snow depth
Browse Data
Soil heat flux
Browse Data
Soil moisture
Browse Data
Surface energy balance
Browse Data
Surface skin temperature
Browse Data
Vertical velocity
Browse Data
Virtual temperature
Browse Data
Visibility
Browse Data